A typical symptom of an umbilical hernia is a palpable bulge around the navel. It may contain the peritoneum and / or displaced organs of the abdominal cavity (most often the intestines). Gradually, the hernia grows - from a few millimeters lesion to a hernia the size of a reticulated ball. A hernia may be accompanied by abdominal pain around the navel, which is aggravated by coughing, sneezing or passing stools. Ailments can also be caused by applying pressure to the hernia with the hand in order to discharge its contents into the abdominal cavity.

In adults, umbilical hernia is an indication for surgery. The operation consists in draining the peritoneum and internal organs into the abdominal cavity and closing the hernia's gates. In some cases, it is necessary to strengthen the abdominal wall with a special mesh that prevents recurrence of the hernia.

The duration of the operation depends on the size of the hernia and on the procedures necessary during the procedure (e.g. additional mesh implantation). The operation usually takes 30 minutes to 1.5 hours.

The length of the sick leave depends on the type of work performed. After hernia surgery, the activities of lifting heavy objects and a sharp increase in pressure in the abdominal cavity should be avoided. The period of release is usually around 2 months.

Symptoms of an abscess are pain in the buttock, a feeling of distension in the muscle, increased warmth and possible reddening of the skin. Local symptoms may be accompanied by general malaise and fever. An abscess should not be underestimated - its rupture may lead to spread of infection and serious complications, including sepsis. You should see a surgeon who will assess the size of the abscess and decide on drainage and antibiotics.

Superficial abscesses are removed under local anesthesia. The surgeon cuts the abscess and evacuates its contents, which are then subjected to culture tests. If necessary, the surgeon will insert a filter that allows the continuous removal of pus from the wound. Filters are replaced within 1-3 days. The wound after the procedure is sutured and covered with a dressing. If local anesthesia is used, there is no need for hospitalization - the patient may leave the hospital on the day of the procedure. Follow-up visits with assessment of wound healing follow a schedule determined by the physician.

Ingrown nails can be treated conservatively with a special clamp placed by a podiatrist. Surgical excision of the ingrown nail is performed in the case of very advanced lesions and in the event of failure of podological treatment. It is a safe and completely painless procedure, but it involves a temporary loss of part or all of the nail plate. After the treatment, the nail gradually grows back.

The toenail grows to its full length, usually 12-16 months after its removal.

You can walk right away after the nail removal procedure. Due to the fact that a dressing is put on the toe, it is necessary to have open shoes or boots with very wide tips. However, long-term walking should be avoided until the stitches are removed (10-14 days). The foot should be kept above thigh level as often as possible and cold compresses should be applied.

The presence of stones in the gallbladder (gallbladder) may initially be asymptomatic. Only when the accumulated deposits impede the outflow of bile from the gallbladder, symptoms typical of the so-called biliary colic. The pain is localized in the right upper abdomen and usually begins up to 2 hours after eating a fat-rich meal. Pain relief is achieved by taking painkillers and relaxants. Due to the location of the gallbladder, the symptoms associated with urolithiasis are often interpreted as a symptom of liver dysfunction. In order to diagnose the problem, visit a gastroenterologist or perform an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity.

The only effective method of removing stones is surgery, which involves the complete excision of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy). The absence of a gallbladder does not disturb the digestive functions and does not significantly reduce the quality of life after surgery.

A laparoscopy of the gallbladder takes about an hour. The duration of the procedure depends on the patient's individual anatomical conditions and the surgeon's proficiency in performing this type of surgery.

The removal of the gallbladder by laparoscopy allows you to get up and walk quickly and reduce pain after the procedure. The discharge usually takes place on the second day after surgery.

Pain ailments result from the healing of disturbed tissues within the abdominal cavity and are a natural phenomenon. Mild abdominal pain may persist for up to a week after the procedure, but should be of a decreasing nature. If pain worsens, flatulence or vomiting occurs, consult a doctor.

In the period of 4-6 weeks after the procedure, it is advisable to follow a low-fat diet. An easily digestible diet based on natural ingredients is recommended. Purees of boiled vegetables and fruits without peel, lean meat, fish, light bread, natural yoghurts are allowed. Highly bloating vegetables such as beans and cabbage should be avoided. Foods fried in fat, carbonated drinks, spicy spices and alcohol are forbidden. A few months after the surgery, you can gradually return to your normal diet, maintaining the general principles of healthy eating.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W okresie 4-6 tygodni po zabiegu wskazane jest stosowanie diety ubogotłuszczowej. Zalecana jest lekkostrawna dieta oparta na naturalnych składnikach. Dozwolone są przeciery z gotowanych warzyw i owoców bez skórki, chude mięso, ryby, jasne pieczywo, jogurty naturalne. Należy unikać warzyw wzdymających takich jak fasola czy kapusta. Zakazane są potrawy smażone na tłuszczu, napoje gazowane, ostre przyprawy oraz alkohol. Po kilku miesiącach od zabiegu można stopniowo powrócić do normalnej diety z zachowaniem ogólnych zasad zdrowego odżywiania.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Varicose veins are treated by a vascular surgeon and / or an angiologist. It is worth going to a doctor who will perform an ultrasound of the veins. Thanks to the ultrasound examination, it is possible to accurately assess the venous system - it facilitates the selection of the appropriate treatment method.

There are many methods of treating varicose veins in the lower extremities. Treatment should be directed by an angiologist or vascular surgeon. Compression products (knee socks, tights, anti-varicose stockings) are available in medical stores, which reduce leg swelling and facilitate the return of venous blood towards the heart. This prevents to some extent the build-up of varicose veins and the appearance of new foci of "spider veins" on the legs. Small and medium-sized varicose veins can be treated with sclerotherapy or by local varicose excision (miniphlebectomy). Varicose veins of larger diameter are eliminated by performing the so-called stripping of the saphenous or small saphenous vein. The surgery to remove insufficient superficial veins and varicose veins in their basin shows the greatest effectiveness in the treatment of varicose veins.

Operations of varicose veins are low-risk procedures. As with any surgery, complications are possible, but they are very rare. When deciding on the operation of varicose veins, it is worth choosing an experienced vascular surgeon who will select the most appropriate surgical techniques for the patient's condition.

You are discharged from the hospital on the day of surgery or on the next day after surgery.

Light leg pain after surgery may persist for 2-3 weeks. During this period, you should strictly follow the doctor's instructions, perform the exercises recommended by the physiotherapist and avoid excessive overloading of the operated limb. If necessary, your doctor may prescribe painkillers.

For cosmetic reasons, moles can be removed with a laser. However, when the mole has atypical features that threaten the development of skin cancer (melanoma), surgical excision of the lesion is indicated. The mole is removed entirely within the boundaries of healthy skin tissues, and the collected material is sent for histopathological examination.

The features of dysplastic lesions include enlargement and change in shape of the mole, discoloration, and pain or bleeding from the mole. If disturbing symptoms occur, the change should be consulted with a dermatologist. Do not delay the visit to the doctor - melanoma is a very aggressive cancer and too late diagnosis significantly reduces the chances of a successful cure.

Surgical removal of the mole is a minimally invasive procedure usually performed under local anesthesia. The risk of any complications is small due to the excision of superficial tissues. The procedure takes about 20-30 minutes. The patient can go home 2-3 hours after the procedure.

Rectoscopy is also known as an endoscopy of the rectum. During the examination, the patient is in the knee-elbow position or lying on his side. The doctor inserts a camera with a light source (rectoscope) through the anus. Thanks to covering the speculum with an anesthetic, the examination is very well tolerated by the patient. The diagnostic procedure of rectoscopy enables the detection of pathological changes in the intestinal wall, such as polyps, diverticula, ulcers and colorectal cancer. Rectoscopy also allows you to remove the detected lesions and stop any bleeding.

The rectoscopy procedure is painless, although it is possible to feel a slight discomfort related to the presence of a rectoscope in the intestine.

3 days before the procedure, you should start using an easily digestible diet, preferably in a liquid form. In the evening before the examination, an enema should be performed. On the day of the examination, do not eat anything, only drink water. A second enema should be performed 1-2 hours before rectoscopy. Proper preparation makes it easier for the doctor to perform the examination.

Removal of atheromas or lipomas is a minimally invasive procedure. Small-sized cysts or lipomas may be excised under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis. After the small wound has been secured with stitches and a dressing, the patient can go home. In very rare cases, it is necessary to use general anesthesia (large dimensions and difficult localization of the lesion, multiple lesions). After waking up from general anesthesia, the patient must remain in the hospital for at least one day for observation.

Surgical removal of the fibroma is associated with the disruption of the skin, so after the procedure, scar formation should be taken into account. However, it is very small and will remain less visible if it undergoes regular massage after removing the stitches.

For small, several-millimeter atoms, you can use an astringent compress made of horsetail leaf infusion. This will reduce the secretion of sebum and facilitate the absorption of the atheroma. However, if this does not help or the atheroma is more than 5 mm, a dermatologist or surgeon should be consulted. The doctor will evaluate the change - whether it is a benign nodule. When the atheroma is an aesthetic problem, it is surgically excised. The atheroma removal procedure is painless and safe, so you shouldn't be afraid of it.