Treatment of varicose veins with a laser consists in closing the diseased vein with the help of laser light. The vein is then destroyed from the inside. The procedure takes a very short time, about 20-40 minutes, and is an alternative to traditional surgical stripping. The laser is primarily used in the treatment of simple, large venous trunks, so it can be used to remove, for example, the saphenous or small saphenous vein, but it is not used in the case of convoluted veins and shallow under the skin.
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How does the laser affect the veins?
Laser therapy as a method of treating varicose veins of the lower extremities was introduced in 1999. This method uses the effect of high temperature on the blood. The laser, by emitting various wavelengths, closes the vessel's lumen. These waves can be, for example, 801, 940 and 980 nm long and are then absorbed by hemoglobin or 1054 and 1320 nm long - then they are absorbed by water and collagen. The emission of laser waves causes ablation of the deformed vein. It is a safer method than surgical operations. In 2001, a work on laser therapy was written by Dr. Robert Min and his partners from New York, which proved that laser treatment can replace surgical procedures because it is not burdened with such a high risk of complications as classic surgery.
Laser treatment of varicose veins - how does the preparation for the procedure look like?
Each time before the procedure, there is a qualification, which does not differ in any way from the preparation for a traditional operation, e.g. using the Babckock method. At the very beginning, the doctor performs Duplex Doppler ultrasound, which allows for precise visualization of the place of impaired blood flow in the veins. This gives a chance to accurately assess the efficiency of the deep veins. If it is insufficient, it disqualifies the patient and cannot undergo surgery. Ischemia of the lower limbs is a similar contraindication for starting the procedure. The next step is mapping the legs, i.e. marking the veins eligible for surgery with a marker.
What does the varicose veins laser removal procedure look like?
The laser removal of varicose veins takes place in the operating room, where the conditions are sterile. It begins with puncturing the vein with a cannula and inserting the laser fiber or probe. By inserting the optical fiber inside the diseased vein, the doctor constantly monitors the course with an ultrasound machine. Then he gives an anesthesia in the form of a tumoral preparation, which allows the laser energy to be limited only to the vein, thus saving the surrounding tissues. Activating the probe triggers the generation of light energy and delivering it to the inside of the vein, where it is converted into thermal energy. This results in heating the vessel wall and its destruction. Thanks to this, the vein can be permanently closed.What are the advantages of laser varicose veins treatment?
The advantages of laser treatment of varicose veins are:1. Low invasiveness of the method. It does not expose the patient to the same number of postoperative complications as classic surgery.
2. Faster regeneration. Fewer punctures during surgery means the patient recovers faster. There is also no risk of scarring.
3. No need to wear compression garments for more than 7 days.
4. Method safety. Due to the fact that a tumescent preparation is injected into the vein, which contracts it and moves it away from the surrounding tissues and skin, it minimizes the risk of burns and related complications.
5. More patients qualified for this type of surgery. In the case of classic surgeries, some people are disqualified due to diseases they suffer from. This is the case, for example, with patients with cardiological problems. A classic operation with general anesthesia is too much of a burden for the body. In the case of laser surgery, there is no such burden, because the anesthesia is only local.
Source:
• A.Rusin-Tupikowska, A. Jankowska-Konsur, A. Batycka-Baran, E. Baran, Skleroterapia piankowa, ablacja żył prądem częstotliwości radiowej, wewnątrzżylna terapia laserowa oraz flebektomia ambulatoryjna – postępy w leczeniu żylaków, „Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii” 2009, tom XXVI, nr 6, s. 522-528. Dostęp online 26 września https://docplayer.pl/33485074-Foam-sclerotherapy-radiofrequency-ablation-endovenous-laser-treatment-and-ambulatory-phlebectomy-advances-in-the-treatment-of-varicose-veins.html
• M. Krefft, Zastosowanie lasera w chirurgicznym leczeniu chorób naczyniowych – aspekt medyczny i ekonomiczny, "Ogólnopolski Przegląd Medyczny” 2012, nr 4, s. 18-21
• Ł. Paluch, Laseroterapia endwaskularna (EVLT) – ocena skuteczności w niewydolności żylnej, Magazyn medyczny CX News” 2017, nr 1/59, s. 13.
