A popliteal osteotomy is based on the restoration of the correct mechanical axis of the knee joint thanks to the surgical correction of the proximal epiphysis of the tibia. This treatment causes a more even distribution of loads within the articular cartilage, which reduces the pain in the knee. A tibial osteotomy is an effective treatment for knee pain in young people with a disorder of the limb axis and in the early stages of osteoarthritis. In selected cases, tibial osteotomy is an alternative to the implantation of a knee joint endoprosthesis.